![\"Raspberry](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Raspberry-Pi-Pico-Control-Stepper-Motor-Micropython.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\nNew to the Raspberry Pi Pico?<\/strong> Read the following guide: Getting Started with Raspberry Pi Pico (and Pico W)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Table of Contents:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Throughout this tutorial, we\u2019ll cover the following contents:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Our Raspberry Pi Pico eBook<\/strong>: Learn Raspberry Pi Pico\/Pico W with MicroPython<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Before continuing, make sure you follow the next prerequisites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To follow this tutorial you need MicroPython firmware installed in your Raspberry Pi Pico board. You also need an IDE to write and upload the code to your board.<\/p>\n\n\n The recommended MicroPython IDE for the Raspberry Pi Pico is Thonny IDE. Follow the next tutorial to learn how to install Thonny IDE, flash MicroPython firmware, and upload code to the board.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Alternatively, if you like programming using VS Code, you can start with the following tutorial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n You’ll also need the following parts:<\/p>\n\n\n You can use the preceding links or go directly to MakerAdvisor.com\/tools<\/a> to find all the parts for your projects at the best price!<\/p> A stepper motor is a brushless DC electric motor that divides a full rotation into a number of steps. It moves one step at a time, and each step is the same size. This allows us to rotate the motor at a precise angle to a precise position. The stepper motor can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The following picture shows two 28BYJ-48 stepper motors.<\/p>\n\n\n Stepper motors are made of internal coils that make the motor shaft move in steps in one direction or the other when current is applied to the coils in a specific way. There are two types of stepper motors: unipolar and bipolar stepper motors. We won\u2019t go into detail how the stepper motors are made or how they work internally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To learn in more detail how they work and the differences between each type of stepper motor, we recommend reading this article by the DroneBotWorkshop blog<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n There are several stepper motors with different specifications. We\u2019ll use the used 28BYJ-48 unipolar stepper motor with the ULN2003 motor driver, which is a combination widely used by DIY and electronics hobbyists.<\/p>\n\n\n Features of the stepper motor (for more details, consult the datasheet):<\/p>\n\n\n\n The 28BYJ-48 stepper motor has a total of four coils. One end of the coils is connected to 5V, which corresponds to the motor\u2019s red wire. The other end of the coils corresponds to the wires with blue, pink, yellow, and orange colors. Energizing the coils in a logical sequence makes the motor move one step in one direction or the other.<\/p>\n\n\n The 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor has a stride angle of 5.625\u00b0\/64 in half-step mode. This means that the motor has a step angle of 5.625\u00ba\u2014so it needs 360\u00ba\/5.625\u00ba = 64 steps in half-step mode. In full-step mode: 64\/2 = 32 steps to complete one rotation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n However, the output shaft is driven via a 64:1 gear ratio. This means that the shaft (visible outside the motor) will complete a rotation if the motor inside rotates 64 times. This means that the motor will have to move 32\u00d764 = 2048 steps for the shaft to complete one full rotation. This means that you\u2019ll have a precision of 360\u00ba\/2048 steps = 0.18\u00ba\/step.<\/p>\n\n\n\n So, in summary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n If you\u2019re using a different stepper motor, please consult the datasheet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Don\u2019t worry if this seems confusing. There are libraries that make programming easier without having to worry about those numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To interface the stepper motor with the Raspberry Pi Pico, we\u2019ll use the ULN2003 motor driver, as shown in the figure below. The 28BYJ-48 stepper motor is many times sold together with the ULN2003 motor driver as a bundle.<\/p>\n\n\n The module comes with a connector that makes it easy and simple to connect the motor to the module. It has four input pins to control the coils that make the stepper motor move. The four LEDs provide a visual interface of the coils\u2019 state.<\/p>\n\n\n The following table shows the module pinout:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
MicroPython Firmware<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"micorpython](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/micropython-logo.png?resize=250%2C250&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\"){kind=logo}
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Parts Required<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Raspberry](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Raspberry-Pi-Pico-With-Stepper-Motor.jpg?resize=750%2C422&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
![](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/header-200.png?w=1200&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\nIntroducing Stepper Motors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"28BYJ-48](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/28BYJ-48-Stepper-Motors.jpg?resize=750%2C422&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"28BYJ-48](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/28BYJ-48-connected-to-ULN2003-Motor-Driver-01-module.jpg?resize=750%2C422&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor Features<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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![\"28BYJ-48](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/28BYJ-48-stepper-motor-coils.png?resize=704%2C434&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
ULN2003 Motor Driver<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"ULN2003](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ULN2003-Motor-Driver-01-module-board.jpg?resize=750%2C422&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n![\"ULN2003](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/ULN2003-Motor-Driver-01.png?resize=750%2C429&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\nULN2003 Motor Driver Pinout<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Wiring](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Wiring-Raspberry-Pi-Pico-Stepper-Motor.png?resize=1200%2C1249&quality=100&strip=all&ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Raspberry-Pi-Pico-control-stepper.jpg?ssl=1\")
<\/figure><\/div>![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/randomnerdtutorials.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Raspberry-Pi-Pico-Control-Stepper-2.jpg?ssl=1\")
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